The Behavioral Perspective And The Biological Perspective

Psychology is made up of many perspectives, such as, behavioural, biological, cognitive, social, humanistic and finally, psychodynamic. This essay will focus on the behavioural perspective and the biological perspective. According to J Walker (2012) the behavioural perspective is based on behaviourism and is the study of observing behaviour when in certain contexts and events. The biological perspective however, explains behaviour by focusing on the function of the nervous system, genes and the brain. Behaviourists regard behaviour has a response and stimulus which is determined by the environment one lives in. With this reductionist idea, it is therefore easy for behaviourists to control experiments. Behaviourists carry out experiments with control over variables, precise measurements objectivity and observability, resulting in very reliable results. However, some critics may argue that behaviour is studied under artificial conditions which do not match real life environments, resulting in low ecological validity. Furthermore, another strength of this approach is that all three of its theories, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and social learning theory have succeeded when applied to its studies. For instance, classical conditioning is when new behaviours maybe acquired through association between an environmental stimulus and a neutral stimulus. An example of this is Watson’s little Albert experiment (1920) where the neutral stimulus (white rat) andShow MoreRe latedPerspectives of Psychology1141 Words   |  5 PagesPerspectives of Psychology Psychology can be defined as the systematic study of mental processes, couple with behaviors, and experiences (Kalat, 2011). There are many ways in examining, mental processes and behaviors among people, and therefore psychologist uses different perspectives to understand how human beings, think, act, and behave. Some psychologist uses one perspective to analyze behaviors, and other uses a multidimensional approach. Carter Seifert (2013) identified 7 major perspectivesRead MoreThe Root Cause of Depression: Biological, Cognitive-Behavioral, or Both?1509 Words   |  7 Pagessupport the cognitive-behavioral perspective believe depression results from faulty thinking associated with low self-esteem or learned helplessness, as well as environmental influences such as the loss of a loved one or a job. Whereas, those who support the biological perspective believe depression results from the genes a person inherits, chemical imbalances that change the functions of the brain, as well a s damage to the anatomy of the brain. In addition to these two perspectives, some believe thatRead MoreHumanistic Perspective and Addiction Essay1420 Words   |  6 PagesTia Gardner September 21, 2012 Humanistic Perspective and Addiction There are several theories of addiction. All of them are imperfect. All are partial explanations. It is for this reason that it is important to be aware of and question addiction theories. One contemporary psychoanalytical view of substance abuse is that it is a defense against anxiety (Thombs D 2006). Addicts often abuse alcohol and other substances to guard against anxiety and other painfulRead MoreContemporary Approaches Of Psychology And How They Interpret Drug Use897 Words   |  4 Pagescontemporary approaches or theories in psychology include Biological, Behavioral Psychodynamic, Humanistic, Cognitive, Evolutionary, Sociocultural. These seven contemporary approaches allow us to interpret the behavior of individuals. Each perspective makes certain assumptions about human behavior. For this analysis we will review the behavioral and sociocultural approaches in psychology and compare how they interpret drug use. THe Behavioral perspective believes that our behavior is the result of the environmentRead MoreUnderstanding General Anxiety Disorder And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1616 Words   |  7 PagesNina Haber Understanding General Anxiety Disorder and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Nina Haber Hunter College, The City University of New York As many as 4% of the US population have symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in any given year, and ~6% at some time during their lives (Comer 2004.) This disorder is a personality disorder that literally takes over someone’s life. It interferes with social, occupational, and other areas of important daily functioning. In orderRead MoreThe Question in the Origins of Psychology is What Drives Us and Why722 Words   |  3 PagesPsychoanalysis was developed as both a theory and a therapy that inspired psychologists to come to develop other psychodynamic theories. (Mcleod) There are seven major perspectives of modern psychology; psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, biological, evolutionary, and sociocultural. (Feist and Rosenberg) Behavioral psychology was founded by John B. Watson who believed that conditioning explains how behaviors are a result of observable stimuli. Much of the research done in this fieldRead MorePsychology : Theory Of Psychology1637 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction to Psychology Module 1. Explain how a person committed to each of the following contemporary perspectives would explain human aggression. a. Psychodynamic: A person committed to psychodynamics would see that human functions are based on the interaction of drives and forces within the unconscious mind of a person. This influences different structures of the personality of the person as well. In addition, a person that is committed to psychodynamics would believe that the fundamentalRead MoreHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology1320 Words   |  6 PagesHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Susan Hardin University of Phoenix Abnormal Psychology PSY/410 Krisit Lane, Ph.D. October 25, 2011 Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Historical perspectives of abnormal psychology sounds complicated, mainly due to the differing definitions, or interpretations, of what is considered abnormal. Identifying someone at work or in a social situation who appears to be behaving abnormally is easier to spot than it is to define theRead MoreJohn Locke And Locke s Views On Nature Nurture1629 Words   |  7 Pagesliving on land instead of water like a turtle, in order to survive and reproduce and let those traits pass to ascendants. Thanks to Darwin, the natural selection concluded the â€Å"nature† part of the nature-nurture issue also emerged the psychological perspective called evolutionary psychology. Evolutionary psychology is the study of the evolution of the behavior and mind. As of Charles Darwin’s analyzation of that certain species behavior, he would be an evolutionary psychologist. Just because Darwin’sRead MoreStructuralism And The Development Of Psychology874 Words   |  4 Pagesa) s tructuralism- early school of psychology that used introspection to study the structure of the human mind (Edward B. Titchener) functionalism- from an evolutionary process, a school of psychology is focused on how mental and behavioral processes function Behavioral- an objective form of science that studies behavior without reference to mental process b) Gestalt- Max Wertheimer sought to explain perceptions in terms of results rather than by analyzing their constituents c)Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic-Sigmund

Effects of Gun Control Essay example - 1723 Words

It is impossible not to open a newspaper, watch the television, or listen to the radio with out hearing about some type of gun violence. Perhaps the main reason for such high gun violence is that guns are so plentiful in the Unites States. In fact, there are sixty five million handguns in America (The `facts about Guns). These guns contribute to an annual medical cost of fourteen billion dollars, which is spent solely on treating gun victims (Handguns in America). Not surprisingly, handguns are the cause of eighty percent of homicides, seventy percent of suicides, and almost every accidental shooting (Youth and Violence). Handgun violence is a problem that is easy for everyone to see. How to solve this predicament is another†¦show more content†¦This strategy is costly and unfair. Who is to determine how much a person is to be paid for their guns? A method such as this one will not only have an astonishing cost, but it also discriminates. Those who are in favor of o utlawing all handguns assume that everyone misuses or has the aptitude to misuse the gun. For gun collectors, this proposition takes away their hobby. Merchants and people in jobs with high risks of being robbed would also be discriminated against by not allowing the use of handguns as means of protection, which could make them vulnerable. For example, if a gas station cashier is being robbed and the robber plans on killing the cashier, the chances of the police making it to the scene in time to save the cashiers life is very slim. On the other hand, if the cashier had a handgun, then he or she could defend him or herself. For reasons such as this, merchants and people in high risk jobs may defy a law completely outlawing handguns because a handgun could save their life. The idea of completely outlawing handguns does not solve the problem of handgun violence. In fact, this idea would persuade some people to defy the law and keep their gun or guns for safety or for malicious intentions. One in five Americans own a handgun (Guns In America). The chances that all of these people will give up their guns, when they could hide them and likely never get caught, is very slim. The idea of completely outlawing handguns is a tacticShow MoreRelatedGuns And Their Effect On Gun Control962 Words   |  4 PagesGuns and the ability to use them have been under attack in the United States and many other places throughout the World. There are groups of people that believe that as long as we have the right to bear arms that many unprotected people will lose their lives due to gun violence. There are many trends that come with gun violence and where these mass shooting occur, but a main one is that when a place legally prohibits carrying a weapon then that is where the most gun violence happens. Where guns areRead MoreEffects of Gun Control1158 Words   |  5 PagesThere are thousands of people that own guns in the United States. People have owned guns for the entire duration of American history. Even pre-dating the formation of the country, there were the Massachusetts minutemen who owned their own firearms and used them to defend themselves against oppression. Many lawmakers now want to go against these principles of allowing gun ownership for civilians (Dreier 92). They want to challenge the freedoms that have built the United States into the nation thatRead MoreThe Ultimate Effect Of Gun Control994 Words   |  4 Pages Gun control has become an ever growing topic that has taken both opinionated and debated standpoints throughout various places such as courtrooms, widespread media influence and even discussions at a dinner table. Gun control can be defined as; laws or policies that regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, or use of firearms. The underlying question is what is the ultimate effect of gun control? Does it reduce the amount of crimes that occur? Or does the increase in regulationRead MoreCause And Effect Of Gun Control1384 Words   |  6 PagesThere are an abundance of causes and effects in the way guns are used, purchased, and sold – legally or illegally. A few causes include how guns are kept (with a safety and locked away or not), and in the way guns are obtained. The effects of these acts are, peoples state of mind, and the criticisms law enforcement may receive. Thought of as technical and firm, the laws about guns can easily be bypassed by crimin als and people who are not in the right frame of mind. In the legal and illegal use ofRead MoreThe Effects Of The Weapons Effect On Gun Control934 Words   |  4 PagesHow does aggression relate to gun ownership/use? Does aggression actually have an effect on gun control? There have been many studies done that says it does. But, the question is, does everyone with a gun have to take it out with their aggression. Not everyone does take it out but there is a great amount of people that actually do. I am going to talk about the studies that have been done and how they impact society. Currently, in the United States we have a lot of violence going on. Is it becauseRead MoreThe Effects Of Gun Control On America Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effect of Gun Control on America Guns have been prevalent in the United State’s culture for hundreds of years. Firearms have been, and still are being used for hunting, protection and even sport. In fact, if it was not for the help of firearms, we would not be graced with the many freedoms we have today. Currently, owning and obtaining a firearm is a controversial topic that sparks heavy emotions. Many people argue for eliminating all guns, and applying heavier regulations to prevent tragicRead MoreNegative Effects Of Gun Control954 Words   |  4 PagesNegative Effects of Gun Control The recent terrorist situations in America could have turned out differently if the victims had been armed. There have been too many terrorist situations lately in America. Many people who are not in favor of gun rights want to make it more difficult or even impossible for citizens to purchase weapons. When stricter gun control is enforced, then citizens may not be able to protect themselves. We need to find a way to prevent gun related tragedies, but that doesRead MoreGun Control And Its Effect On The Country1310 Words   |  6 Pagesbut guns are the instrument of death. Gun control is necessary, and delay means more death and horror† (BrainyQuote, n.d.). Many people say that gun control will not affect violence rates in a country. Also, they say that if everyone has a gun, then that will stop mass massacres. The people who believe that gun control is not needed are wrong. This is because gun control has been proven to improve the safety of a country. For example, In Aust ralia and Britain reduced violence caused by guns by puttingRead MoreGun Control And Its Effect On Acquiring Firearms1623 Words   |  7 PagesNSW, therefore leading to an increase in guns, cause a reduction in crime? Gun control and restrictions on acquiring firearms has been a topic that has been disputed heavily in NSW since the 1980s. Similar to various other nations, Australia has seen a number of high profile shootings, resulting in a tightening of gun control laws. One may believe by instinct that relaxing current restrictions on acquiring firearms would lead to more crime, as more guns are readily available. This paper will exploreRead MoreThe Effects Of Gun Control On The United States Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesGun control has become a very important topic within the United States after the past couple of months. There have been many issues that have occurred to make people think that banning guns is something we need to invest in, even though that just would not be the greatest option. There are many parts to winning a debate on gun control. One always needs to be sure to view both sides of the issue, look at the causes and the effects of the issue, and being sure one has enough f acts and statistics to

Edgar Allan Poe Analaysis Free Essays

Isaiah Mutakabbir Dille Senior English 2 23, March, 2013 Edgar Allan Poe Literary Analysis Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809, Massachusetts. Poe died at the age of 40. The cause of his death is undetermined and has been attributed to alcohol, drugs, cholera, rabies, and other agents. We will write a custom essay sample on Edgar Allan Poe Analaysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is most known for his poems and short stories such as The Raven, Tell-Tale Heart, and The Black Cat. Poe was one of the early American practitioners of the short story and a progenitor of detective fiction and crime fiction. Poe used many different forms of figurative language in his poems but the one I find as his best and most used is his use of symbolism. Poe’s use of this literary element is seen all throughout his works. In one of his greatest poems, The Raven, symbolism is used very many times. Such as the main symbol in the poem which is a raven. It symbolizes never ending and mournful remembrance. Many others also agree that symbolism is Poe’s greatest form of figurative language is his use of symbolism. Such as Tyler G. who said that Poe â€Å"masters it in his every work. He also said that â€Å"in The Pit and the Pendulum, the whole story symbolizes the dark and rough time in the torture chambers. † Another critic named Christoffer Hallqvist agrees and says that â€Å"Poe uses several symbols to take the poem to a higher level. † In his online essay written about Poe’s use of figurative elements he is also quoted saying that Poe’s â€Å"way of interp reting signs that do not bear a real meaning, is one of the most profound impulses of human nature. † Though many believe that symbolism is Poe’s greatest literary element others believe that it is his use of foreshadowing that should be known as his best element. In an article on 123helpme. com it was written that Poe’s â€Å"most common literary element used †¦throughout many of his works is foreshadowing. † The article also stated that When Fortunato states, â€Å"I shall not die of a mere cough†, Monstressor enthusiastically agrees with him. If you read into this meaning behind this it is direct foreshadowing that he will not die of a mere cough, but starvation and dehydration caused by Monstressor burying him in a wall will be what kills him. Though this is a good example of Poe’s use of figurative language I still believe that it s his use of symbolism that should be accredited with being his most and greatest used literary element. Poe overall is one of the post modern pioneers of symbolism. Works Cited Magill’s Survey of American Literature, Revised Edition, September 2006, p1, 10p â€Å"Edgar Allan Poe and His Use of Literary Devices. †Ã‚  Teen Ink. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013.  "Edgar Allan Poe. †Ã‚  A Brief Biography of including Selected Works to Read Online. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013. â€Å"Literary Elements Used by Poe :: Essays Research Papers. †Ã‚  Literary Elements Used by Poe :: Essays Research Papers. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013. How to cite Edgar Allan Poe Analaysis, Essay examples

Network Security RSA Cipher Demonstration

Question: Discuss about theNetwork SecurityforRSA Cipher Demonstration. Answer: Introduction: The following research report showcases the process of providing internet security implementation using RSA Cipher Algorithm. It is enriched with overview, demonstration, summary and conclusion. Overview: According to Kahate (2013), internet can be refereed as network of different networks. Each computer of this network is identified as a unique entity by its IP address. It is provided by special server system called DNS (Domain Name Server). Interconnected computer uses the IP to exchange message data among themselves. Providing network security, we refer to provide security to the messages that get exchanged between the networks for communication. Demonstration: Running a RSA Cipher Demonstration RSA is basically an algorithm which provides security to different message transmission, inter network connection authentication, and establish trust connections between two entities (Ciampa 2012). The name RSA stands after the three inventors Rivest, Shamir and Adleman. It is the first public key algorithm developed to provide network security. RSA Algorithm Work Process RSA cipher algorithm is developed on symmetric public key encryption mechanism. In symmetric public key encryption process, the sender sends message to the information channel by encrypting the text with the public key. After encryption the message is no longer can be retrieved other than decrypting it with the same public key used for encryption (Pierso and DeHaan 2015). Figure 1: Symmetric Key encryption/decryption model Source: (As created by author) After encryption is complete the message is sent to the internet channel for transmission. There can be many attacks possible in the internet channel such as man in the middle attack, message interception by any third party untrusted sources etc. If the message was not encrypted, there was very high possibility that the attacker can get the message and modify it. On the other hand, as the message is now encrypted using cipher key, it is very tough for the attacker to decrypt the message without knowing the encryption key. This is how RSA authentication avoids different man in the middle attacks and restores authenticity of the data (Knapp and Langill 2014). The encrypted data then travels through the internet channel to its destination. After reaching the destination, several validations are done before the decryption process. Following are the basic checks that take place before decryption process, Timestamp Validation Every RSA token (cipher key) is valid for 60 seconds. The timestamp of the RSA request message cannot be more than 60 seconds old. Source Validation The requested source system is also validated to establish a trust connection. Message Content Type Validation Content and the format of the request also need to be of specific format for authentication. After the above steps are cleared decryption process starts in the recipient end. RSA algorithm follows the symmetric public key encryption/decryption method. The decryption key is also available in the recipient end (same as the encryption key valid for 60 seconds). Once the decryption is completed, the original message can be retrieved. Authenticity of the retrieved message is performed in the recipient end. Figure2: RSA Public key encryption/decryption model Source: (As created by author) Summary and Conclusion: Form the above analysis, it can be inferred the following points RSA algorithm is the first symmetric public key algorithm introduced to validate authenticity of the message. It is written in JavaScript language. The cipher key is unique secure key known as RSA token. Authenticity in both sender and recipient is done based on encryption/decryption process using the RSA token. Reference List: Ciampa, M., 2012.Security+ guide to network security fundamentals. Cengage Learning. Kahate, A. 2013. Cryptography and network security. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Knapp, E.D. and Langill, J.T., 2014.Industrial Network Security: Securing critical infrastructure networks for smart grid, SCADA, and other Industrial Control Systems. Syngress. Pierson, G. and DeHaan, J., Iovation, Inc., 2015.Network security and fraud detection system and method. U.S. Patent 9,203,837.